European History Quarterly recent issues

Painting Regional Identities: Nationalism in the Arts, France, Germany and Spain, 1890--1914

Storm, E. — 2009-09-25

During the decades before 1914, nationalism pervaded cultural discourse more than ever before as a new type of subjectivist, organic nationalism came to the fore. At the same time nations were seen as consisting of a harmonious whole of organically grown regional folk cultures. Thus, a new more activist nationalism coincided and overlapped with the rise of a more folkloristic and regionalist interpretation of the respective national identities. But how did this affect the arts? Paintings by highly relevant fin-de-siècle artists such as Simon and Cottet in France, Bantzer and Mackensen in Germany and Zuloaga in Spain could be seen as interpretations of a specific national or regional ‘soul’. A detailed, comparative analysis of the reviews of their work in the major art magazines of the period shows that their paintings skilfully translated the new, more activist and popular nationalist ideology into art, using similar arguments and rhetorical devices.

A 'New' Woman for a 'New' Spain: The Seccion Femenina de la Falange and the Image of the National Syndicalist Woman

Ofer, I. — 2009-09-25

The Sección Femenina de la FET was founded in 1934 as part of the Spanish Falange. Starting in April 1937 the SF functioned as the sole secular women’s organization of the Franco regime, employing a network of professional, provincial and local delegates throughout the country. Despite its adherence to a radical right-wing ideology and its functioning within an authoritarian regime membership within the SF offered many women a life of unusual public activism, both professionally and politically. The current paper offers a reading of the SF’s gendered discourse, which takes into consideration the relationship between both its progressive and conservative elements. My contention is that in the case of the SF one cannot talk of a model of ‘old-fashioned’ femininity, which was replaced over the years by a model of ‘modern’ femininity, but rather about modernist and conservative elements, which existed in the organizational rhetoric side by side from the beginning. Within this context the ‘modern’ elements were highly significant and their definition was more or less constant as long as the messages were aimed at a population of a specific socio-economic standing and education.

Building to Death: Prisoner Forced Labour in the German War Economy -- The Neuengamme Subcamps, 1942--1945

Buggeln, M. — 2009-09-25

In 1944 most concentration camp prisoners were not interned in the main camps but in subcamps. These subcamps were erected near important armament production sites, where the work power of the prisoners was needed. The conditions in these subcamps were sometimes even more terrible than in the main camps. In historiography, the phrase ‘extermination through work’ is often used in order to describe the subcamps. However, newer studies show that conditions differed enormously between camps. For this reason it is necessary to compare the conditions in the different subcamps systematically. My article discusses the reasons for the differences that have been put forward so far. Afterwards I show that an exploration of the subcamps of Neuengamme leads to somewhat different results, and I argue that, therefore, the phrase ‘extermination through work’ should be used more cautiously.

An 'anti-Catholicism of free trade?' Religion and the Anglo-Italian negotiations of 1863

Raponi, D. — 2009-09-25

This article focuses on the 1863 Anglo-Italian Commercial Treaty as a case study for a wider analysis of the relations between the newly unified Italy and Britain. The importance of this treaty lies chiefly in its peculiarity, mainly due to the fact that the British proposed the inclusion of a religious clause in its text. This clause was meant to protect Protestant missionaries operating in rural parts of Italy, where religious intolerance was still frequent. The resulting confrontation showed the extent to which lack of communication between the Board of Trade and the Foreign Office hampered the pursuit of British policy aims, reflecting the then fashionable combination of free trade and Protestantism to promote a form of ‘anglicized globalization’ in Southern Europe. This resulted in the frustration of British commercial interests as defined by the Chambers of Commerce. The present article throws new light on the multi-layered nature of the British engagement with Italy, which involved different economic and religious pressure groups, and confirms Peter Marsh’s thesis about the inadequacy of the British commercial approach to continental Europe in the age of free trade.

Constructing and Maintaining Socialism in the German Democratic Republic: Dirk Spilker, The East German Leadership and the Division of Germany: Patriotism and Propaganda, 1945--53, Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2006; xi + 296 pp.; 9780199284122, {pound}67.00 (hbk) Merrilyn Thomas, Communing with the Enemy: Covert Operations, Christianity and Cold War Politics in Britain and the GDR, Peter Lang: Oxford, Bern, 2005; 293 pp.; 9783039101924, {pound}38.70 (pbk) Jeanette Z. Madarasz, Working in East Germany: Normality in a Socialist Dictatorship, 1961--79, Palgrave Macmillan: Basingstoke, New York, 2006; xi + 206 pp.; 9780230001602, {pound}56.00 (hbk) Stefan Berger and Norman LaPorte (eds), The Other Germany: Perceptions and Influences in British--East German Relations, 1945--1990, ADEF Band 52, Wissner: Augsburg, 2005; 343 pp.; 9783896394859' 39.80 (pbk)

Saunders, A. — 2009-09-25

Beyond the Wire: Allied POWs in the Second World War, the POW 'Myth' and Future Realities: Charles Rollings, Prisoner of War: Voices from Behind the Wire in the Second World War, Ebury Press: Reading, 2007; vii + 392 pp.; 9780091910082, {pound}8.99 (pbk) S.P. MacKenzie, The Colditz Myth: British and Commonwealth Prisoners of War in Nazi Germany, Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2004; xvi + 446 pp.; 9780199203079, {pound}25.00 (pbk) Adrian Gilbert, POW: Allied Prisoners in Europe 1939--1945, John Murray: London, 2006; xvi + 397 pp., 16 plates; 9780719561283, {pound}9.99 (pbk) John Nichol and Tony Rennell, The Last Escape: The Untold Story of Allied Prisoners of War in Germany 1944--45, Penguin Books: London, 2003; xxiii + 471 pp., 16 plates; 9780141003887, {pound}9.99 (pbk) Arieh J. Kochavi, Confronting Captivity: Britain and the United States and their POWs in Nazi Germany, University of North Carolina Press: Chapel Hill, 2005; x + 382 pp.; 9780807829400, {pound}30.95 (hbk)

Crossland, J. — 2009-09-25

Review: Derek H. Aldcroft, Europe's Third World: The European Periphery in the Interwar Years, Ashgate: Aldershot, Hampshire, 2006; 232 pp.; 9780754605997, {pound}55.00 (hbk)

Swanson, J. C. — 2009-09-25

Review: Francisco Bethencourt and Diogo Ramada Curto, eds, Portuguese Oceanic Expansion, 1400--1800, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 2007; xx + 536 pp.; 9780521608916, {pound}18.99 (pbk); 9780521846448, {pound}50.00 (hbk)

Paquette, G.B. — 2009-09-25

Review: Guido Bonsaver, Censorship and Literature in Fascist Italy, University of Toronto Press: Toronto, 2007; 405 pp., 15 illus.; 9780802093011, {pound}50.00 (hbk); 9780802094964, {pound}22.50 (pbk)

Talbot, G. — 2009-09-25

Review: Tim Brooks, British Propaganda to France, 1940--1944: Machinery, Method and Message, Edinburgh University Press: Edinburgh, 2007; xviii + 233 pp., 13 figures, 1 table, 16 maps; 9780748625192, {pound}60.00 (hbk)

Knapp, A. — 2009-09-25

Review: Peter Campbell, Thomas Kaiser and Marissa Linton, eds, Conspiracy in the French Revolution, Manchester University Press: Manchester, 2007; 222 pp.; 9780719074028, {pound}50.00 (hbk)

Lynn, M. — 2009-09-25

Review: Michael Cherlin, Halina Filipowicz and Richard L. Rudolph, eds, The Great Tradition and its Legacy: The Evolution of Dramatic and Musical Theater in Austria and Central Europe, Berghahn Books: New York and Oxford, 2004; xiii + 274 pp.; 9781571811738, {pound}55.00 (hbk); 9781571814036, {pound}18.50 (pbk)

Robertson, R. — 2009-09-25

Review: Patrick O. Cohrs, The Unfinished Peace after World War I: America, Britain and the Stabilisation of Europe, 1919--1932, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 2006; xiv + 693 pp., 1 map; 9780521853538, {pound}65.00 (hbk)

Webster, A. — 2009-09-25

Review: John A. Davis, Naples and Napoleon: Southern Italy and the European Revolutions (1780-- 1860), Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2006; vi + 372 pp.; 9780198207559, {pound}79.00 (hbk)

Hughes, S. C. — 2009-09-25

Review: Christina De Bellaigue, Educating Women: Schooling and Identity in England and France, 1800--1867, Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2007; xv + 276 pp., 6 illus.; 9780199289981, {pound}58.00 (hbk)

Lyons, M. — 2009-09-25

Review: Barry Eichengreen, The European Economy Since 1945. Coordinated Capitalism and Beyond, Princeton University Press: Princeton, 2006; xx + 495pp.; 9780691127101, {pound}24.95 (hbk)

Berghahn, V. R. — 2009-09-25

Review: Clive Emsley, Crime, Police, & Penal Policy: European Experiences 1750--1940, Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2007; 285 pp.; 9780199202850 {pound}58.00 (hbk)

Glovka Spencer, E. — 2009-09-25

Review: Suraiya N. Faroqhi, ed., The Cambridge History of Turkey: Volume 3, The Later Ottoman Empire, 1603--1839, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 2006; xxi + 619 pp.; 9780521620956, {pound}100.00 (hbk)

Inal, O. — 2009-09-25

Review: Deborah A. Field, Private Life and Communist Morality in Khrushchev's Russia, Peter Lang: New York, 2007; x + 148 pp.; 9780820495026, {pound}30.50 (hbk)

Healey, D. — 2009-09-25

Review: Christopher E. Forth and Bertrand Taithe, eds., French Masculinities: History, Culture and Politics, Palgrave Macmillan: Basingstoke and New York, 2007; xi + 249 pp., 10 illus.; 9780230006614 , {pound}50.00 (hbk)

Mclaren, A. — 2009-09-25

Review: Jeffry A. Frieden, Global Capitalism: Its Fall and Rise in the Twentieth Century, Norton: New York, 2005; 576 pp.; 9780393058086, $29.95 (hbk)

Freyer, T. A. — 2009-09-25

Review: Elaine Fulton, Catholic Belief and Survival in late Sixteenth-Century Vienna: The Case of Georg Eder (1523--87), Ashgate, St Andrews Studies in Reformation History: Aldershot, 2007; xviii + 189 pp., 3 illus.; 9780754656524, {pound}55.00 (hbk)

Louthan, H. — 2009-09-25

Review: Corinne Gaudin, Ruling Peasants. Village and State in Late Imperial Russia, Northern Illinois University Press: DeKalb, IL, 2007; x + 271 pp.; 9780875803708, $40.00 (hbk)

Waldron, P. — 2009-09-25

Review: Sharif Gemie, Galicia: A Concise History, University of Wales Press: Cardiff, 2006; 205 pp.; 9780708319895, {pound}55.00 (hbk); 9780708319888, {pound}16.95 (pbk)

Nunez, X.-M. — 2009-09-25

Review: Anne Goldgar, Tulipmania. Money, Honor, and Knowledge in the Dutch Golden Age, University of Chicago Press: Chicago, IL, 2007; xx + 425 pp., 71 illus.; 9780226301259, $30.00 (hbk)

Van Berkel, K. — 2009-09-25

Review: Colin Heywood, Growing Up in France: From the Ancien Regime to the Third Republic, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 2007; 313 pp., 6 illus.; 9780521868693, {pound}53.00 (hbk)

Tilburg, P. — 2009-09-25

Review: Jonathan Israel, Enlightenment Contested: Philosophy, Modernity, and the Emancipation of Man 1670--1752, Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2006; 983 pp., 22 illus.; 9780199279227. {pound}30.00 (hbk)

Gordon, D. — 2009-09-25

Review: Maija Jansson, ed., Realities of Representation: State Building in Early Modern Europe and European America, Palgrave Macmillan: New York, London, 2007; 237 pp.; 9781403975348, {pound}45.00 (hbk)

Barber, S. — 2009-09-25

Review: Tony Judt, Postwar: A History of Europe Since 1945, William Heinemann: London, 2005; xv + 878 pp.; 9781594200656, {pound}25.00 (hbk)

Buchanan, T. — 2009-09-25

Review: Simon Kitson, The Hunt for Nazi Spies: Fighting Espionage in Vichy France, University of Chicago Press: Chicago and London, 2008; xxi + 218 pp.; 9780226438931, {pound}14.99 (hbk)

Kalman, S. — 2009-09-25

Review: Cle Lesger, The Rise of the Amsterdam Market and Information Exchange. Merchants, Commercial Expansion and Change in the Spatial Economy of the Low Countries, c. 1550-- 1630, tr. J. C. Grayson, Ashgate: Aldershot, 2006; 326 pp.; 9780754652205, {pound}65.00 (hbk)

Tracy, J. D. — 2009-09-25

Review: Jill Lewis, Workers and Politics in Occupied Austria, 1945--55, Manchester University Press: Manchester, 2007; 224 pp., 1 map; 9780719073502, {pound}55.00 (hbk)

Thorpe, J. — 2009-09-25

Review: Paul Douglas Lockhart, Denmark, 1513--1660. The Rise and Decline of a Renaissance Monarchy, Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2007; 279 pp., 6 illus.; 9780199271214, {pound}61.00 (hbk)

Jespersen, K. J.V. — 2009-09-25

Review: Sandra Lustig and Ian Leveson, eds, Turning the Kaleidoscope: Perspectives on European Jewry, Berghahn Books: Oxford and New York, 2006; 239 pp.; 9781845450762, $90.00/{pound}45.00 (hbk)

Baader, B. M. — 2009-09-25

Review: Paul Maddrell, Spying on Science: Western Intelligence in Divided Germany 1945--1961, Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2006; 330 pp.; 9780199267507, {pound}70.00 (hbk)

Barlow, J. — 2009-09-25

Review: Joao Pedro Marques, The Sounds of Silence: Nineteenth-Century Portugal and the Abolition of the Slave Trade, Berghahn: Oxford and New York, 2006; 304 pp., 6 pp. illus.; 9781571814470, {pound}50.00 (hbk)

Halikowski Smith, S. — 2009-09-25

Review: Tim McHugh, Hospital Politics in Seventeenth-Century France. The Crown, Urban Elites and the Poor, Ashgate: Aldershot, 2007; 202 pp.; 9780754657620 {pound}55.00 (hbk)

Tingle, E. — 2009-09-25

Review: Bob Moore and Henk van Nierop, eds, Twentieth-century Mass Society in Britain and the Netherlands, Berg: Oxford & New York, 2006; xii + 193 pp.; 9781845205256, {pound}55.00 (hbk)

Heathorn, S. — 2009-09-25

Review: Igor V. Naumov, The History of Siberia, ed. by David N. Collins, Routledge: London and New York, 2006; 242 pp., 74 illus.; 9780415368193, {pound}85.00 (hbk)

Weiss, C. — 2009-09-25

Review: Michelle O'Malley and Evelyn Welch, eds, The Material Renaissance, Manchester University Press: Manchester, 2007; 304 pp., 38 illus.; 9780719076572, {pound}55.00 (hbk)

Fletcher, C. — 2009-09-25

Review: Matt Perry, Prisoners of Want: The Experience and Protest of the Unemployed in France, 1921--45, Ashgate: Aldershot, 2007; 310 pp., 2 illus., 3 maps, 4 charts; 9780754656074, {pound}55.00 (hbk)

Seidman, M. — 2009-09-25

Review: Mary Rogers and Paola Tinagli, eds, Women in Italy, 1350--1650, a Sourcebook: Ideals and Realities, Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2005; xii + 372 pp., 20 b/w plates, 14 b/w illus.; 9780719072086, {pound}65.00 (hbk); 9780719072093, {pound}16.99 (pbk)

Cossar, R. — 2009-09-25

Review: Clifford Rosenberg, Policing Paris: The Origins of Modern Immigration Control between the Wars, Cornell University Press: Ithaca NY, 2006; 241 pp.; 9780801444272, $62.95/{pound}32.95 (hbk); 9780801473159, $23.95/{pound}13.50 (pbk)

Aissaoui, R. — 2009-09-25

Review: Wendy Slater, The Many Deaths of Tsar Nicholas II. Relics, Remains and the Romanovs, Routledge: London, 2007; 194 pp.; 9780415345163, {pound}85.00 (hbk), 9780415427975, {pound}22.99 (pbk)

Waldron, P. — 2009-09-25

Review: Michael Stanislawski, A Murder in Lemberg: Politics, Religion, and Violence in Modern Jewish History, Princeton University Press: Princeton, NJ, 2007; vi + 152 pp., 11 illus.; 9780691128436, {pound}16.95 (hbk)

Dabrowski, P. M. — 2009-09-25

Review: Alexander Stephan, ed., The Americanization of Europe: Culture, Diplomacy and Anti-Americanism after 1945, Berghahn: Oxford, 2006; ix + 432 pp.; 9781845450854, $95.95/{pound}55.00 (hbk); 9781845454869, $34.95/{pound}19.95 (pbk)

Smith, T. — 2009-09-25

Review: Christopher Storrs, The Resilience of the Spanish Monarchy, 1665--1700, Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2006; 271 pp.; 9780199246373, {pound}69.00 (hbk)

Pym, R. J. — 2009-09-25

Review: Gerald Stourzh, From Vienna to Chicago and Back: Essays on Intellectual History and Political Thought in Europe and America, University of Chicago Press: Chicago and London, 2007; xiv + 396 pp.; 9780226776361, {pound}28.50 (hbk)

Beller, S. — 2009-09-25

Review: Kiril Tomoff, Creative Union: The Professional Organization of Soviet Composers, 1939-- 1953, Cornell University Press: Ithaca NY, 2006; 321 pp.; 9780801444111, $59.50 (hbk)

Loewenstein, K. E. — 2009-09-25

Review: Edward B. Westermann, Hitler's Police Battalions: Enforcing Racial War in the East, University Press of Kansas: Lawrence, KS, 2005; 329 pp., 20 illus.; 9780700613717, $34.95 (hbk)

Shepherd, B. — 2009-09-25

Review: Nancy M. Wingfield and Maria Bucur, eds, Gender & War in Twentieth-Century Eastern Europe, Indiana University Press: Bloomington IN, 2006; 251 pp., 13 b/w photos; 9780253218445, $17.50 (pbk)

Ahlback, A. — 2009-09-25

Introduction

Gerwarth, R. — 2009-06-15

Fathers of the Nation? Bismarck, Garibaldi and the Cult of Memory in Germany and Italy

Gerwarth, R., Riall, L. — 2009-06-15

This essay explores the origins and functions of two national father figures, Bismarck and Garibaldi, in modern Italy and Germany. Although fundamentally different in character and political outlook, Bismarck and Garibaldi acquired the status of `fathers' of the nation due to their pre-eminent roles in bringing about national unification. The ways in which these father figures were portrayed shifted remarkably over the course of the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, testifying to the ability of both narratives to adapt to changing circumstances and even to different types of political rule. The divergent meanings attached to them were reflections of highly fragmented societies trying to establish historical continuities in times of profound and rapid historical change. Ultimately both men were employed by fascist dictatorships in an attempt to win over broader public support and to bolster the dictatorships' claims to historical legitimacy, but with varying degrees of success.

Men for All Seasons? Carson, Parnell, and the Limits of Heroism in Modern Ireland

Foster, R., Jackson, A. — 2009-06-15

Charles Stewart Parnell and Edward Carson both failed in their fundamental political objectives (a socially and geographically united and autonomous Ireland, as against a wholly Unionist Ireland). However, both men were the objects of great reverence during their lifetimes; and each was the focus of careful image building. Their heroic reputations were swiftly defined in regal, mystical and sexual terms: the reputation of each was commodified. Both were redefined according the needs of later generations: Parnell's alleged radicalism grew with the passing of the years, and with the establishment of an independent Ireland under bourgeois Catholic domination; the complexities of Carson's career were masked by the demands of later Unionist generations. Both men have to some extent been superseded by rival heroic reputations within their respective cultures. Parnell's standing has been challenged by the insurgents of 1916—21, while Carson's legacy has been sometimes overshadowed by that of his former lieutenant, James Craig.

Flawed Saviours: the Myths of Hindenburg and Petain

von der Goltz, A., Gildea, R. — 2009-06-15

Although Hindenburg and Pétain emerged from very different historical traditions, one monarchical and authoritarian, the other democratic and republican, their trajectories and cults in the twentieth century in fact had much in common. Both emerged as military heroes, saving the fatherland in 1914 in iconic victories, and both were subsequently called back as political saviours as the Weimar and Third Republics ran into difficulties and collapsed. The status and reputation of each was enhanced by a cult that was both manufactured and spontaneous, ranging widely across the political spectrum and reaching deep into the body politic. The cults drew on powerful images of solidity and ancient heroes. Both leaders were, however, flawed, compromising with Nazi power, and they were buried far from the sites of their victories. In spite of these flaws, however, the cults of Hindenburg and Pétain have been remarkably adaptable and enduring.

Gender and the Construction of Wartime Heroism in Czechoslovakia and the Soviet Union

Kirschenbaum, L. A., Wingfield, N. M. — 2009-06-15

During World War II, the Soviet media featured both male and female military heroes as part of an effort to mobilize the entire nation for the protection of hearth and home. The wartime hero cults inspired post-war commemoration in both the Soviet Union and in countries it `liberated' from Nazism. However, no single Communist/Soviet model of commemoration and heroism was imposed on post-World War II Eastern Europe. The relative lack of female heroes constituted one of the most striking differences between the `cults' of the war in the Soviet Union and Czechoslovakia. The difference can be explained in part as a consequence of the very different Soviet and Czechoslovak wartime experiences. The absence of female heroes also points to post-war differences in how the two states' leaders understood and employed the legitimizing potential of the war. These differences in turn shaped the post-Communist fate of hero cults in both countries.

On the Role of Myths and History in the Construction of National Identity in Modern Europe

Berger, S. — 2009-06-15

Review: Basque Nationalism and the Politics of the Past: The Death of the Tribe: New Studies on the Basque Country: Jan Mansvelt Beck, Territory and Terror. Conflicting Nationalisms in the Basque Country, Routledge: London, 2004; 288 pp.; 9780415348140, {pound}95.00 (hbk) Fernando Molina Aparicio, La tierra del martirio espanol. El Pais Vasco y Espana en el siglo del nacionalismo, Centro de Estudios Constitucionales: Madrid, 2005; 321 pp.; 8425912946, 22.00 (pbk) Alfonso Perez-Agote, The Social Roots of Basque Nationalism, University of Nevada Press: Reno NV, 2006; 280 pp.; 9780874176056, $39.95 (hbk)

Quiroga, A. — 2009-06-15

Review: Recent Work on National Pasts, National Identities and Nationalism in Modern Europe: Josette Baer, Slavic Thinkers or the Creation of Polities. Intellectual History and Political Thought in Central Europe and the Balkans in the 19th Century, New Academia Publishing: Washington, DC, 2007; 252 pp.; 9780979448805, {pound}15.00 (hbk)

Turda, M. — 2009-06-15

Review: Omer Bartov, Erased: Vanishing Traces of Jewish Galicia in Present-Day Ukraine, Princeton University Press: Princeton and Oxford, 2007; 232 pp., 60 halftones, 6 maps; 9780691131214, {pound}19.95 (hbk)

Cichopek-Gajraj, A. — 2009-06-15

Review: Timothy Baycroft, France: Inventing the Nation, Hodder Education: London, 2008; 243pp., 10 illustrations; 9780340705704, {pound}16.99 (pbk)

Varley, K. — 2009-06-15

Review: C.A. Bayly and E.F. Biagini, eds., Giuseppe Mazzini and the Globalisation of Democratic Nationalism (1830-1920), Oxford University Press: Oxford and New York, 2008; 419 pp + 9 illustrations; 9780197264317 E45 (hbk)

Mariggi, M. — 2009-06-15

Review: David Blackbourn and James Retallack, eds, Localism, Landscape, and the Ambiguities of Place, German-Speaking Central Europe, 1860--1930. University of Toronto Press: Toronto, 2007; viii + 278 pp.; 9780802093189, $65.00/{pound}42.00 (hbk)

Rohkramer, T. — 2009-06-15

Review: R.J.B. Bosworth, Nationalism, Pearson Education: Harlow, 2007; xviii + 220pp.; 9780582506022, {pound}9.99 (pbk)

Ichijo, A. — 2009-06-15

Review: Kevin M.F. Platt and David Brandenberger, eds, Epic Revisionism: Russian History and Literature as Stalinist Propaganda, University of Wisconsin Press: Madison, WI and London, 2006; xvi + 355 pp.; 0299215008, $60.00 (hbk); 0299215040, $24.95 (pbk)

Wolfson, B. — 2009-06-15

Review: Chad Bryant, Prague in Black: Nazi Rule and Czech Nationalism, Harvard University Press: Cambridge MA and London, 2007; xii + 378 pp., 26 illus.; 9780674024519, {pound}36.95 (hbk)

Zuckert, M. — 2009-06-15

Review: Christophe Charle, Julien Vincent and Jay Winter, eds, Anglo-French Attitudes: Comparisons and Transfers between English and French Intellectuals since the Eighteenth Century, Manchester University Press: Manchester, 2007; 321pp.; 9780719075377, {pound}60.00 (hbk)

Craig, D. M. — 2009-06-15

Review: Mark Cornwall and R.J.W. Evans, eds, Czechoslovakia in a Nationalist and Fascist Europe, 1918--1948. Proceedings of the British Academy, 140, Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2007; xvii + 258 pp.; 9780197263914; {pound}35.00 (hbk)

Giustino, C. M. — 2009-06-15

Review: Kevin Cramer, The Thirty Years' War and German Memory in the Nineteenth Century, University of Nebraska Press: Lincoln, NE and London, 2007; 348 pp.; 9780803215627, $55.00 (hbk)

Bjork, J. E. — 2009-06-15

Review: John R. Davis, The Victorians and Germany, Peter Lang Publishers: Bern, 2007; 419 pp.; 9783039110650, {pound}45.00 (pbk)

Stuchtey, B. — 2009-06-15

Review: Andras Gero, Imagined History: Chapters from Nineteenth and Twentieth Century Hungarian Symbolic Politics, trans. Mario D. Fenyo, Social Science Monographs: Boulder, CO, 2006; 350 pp.; 9780880335706, {pound}35.50 (hbk)

Rac, K. F. — 2009-06-15

Review: Stefan Goebel, The Great War and Medieval Memory: War, Remembrance and Medievalism in Britain and Germany, 1914--1940, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 2007; 357 pp., 60 illus.; 9780521854153, {pound}53.00 (hbk)

Gerwarth, R. — 2009-06-15

Review: Carrie Hamilton, Women and ETA: The gender politics of Radical Basque Nationalism, Manchester University Press: Manchester, 2007; 256 pp.; 9780719075452, {pound}55.00 (hbk)

Aresti, N. — 2009-06-15

Review: David Howarth, The Invention of Spain: Cultural Relations between Britain and Spain, 1770--1870, Manchester University Press: Manchester and New York, 2007; 231 pp., 22 illus.; 9780719065620, {pound}55.00 (hbk)

Cruz, J. — 2009-06-15

Review: Miroslav Hroch, Comparative Studies in Modern European History: Nation, Nationalism, Social Change, Ashgate: Aldershot, 2007; 320 pp.; 9780754659358, {pound}70.00 (hbk)

Van Ginderachter, M. — 2009-06-15

Review: Valerie A. Kivelson and Joan Neuberger, eds, Picturing Russia: Explorations in Visual Culture, Yale University Press: New Haven and London, 2008; 284 pp., 71 black and white, 46 colour illus.; 9780300119619, {pound}30.00 (hbk)

Blakesley, R. P. — 2009-06-15

Review: David D. Laitin, Nations, States, and Violence, Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2007; 162 pp.; 9780199228232, {pound}20.00 (hbk)

Roshwald, A. — 2009-06-15

Review: Richard Ned Lebow, Wulf Kansteiner and Claudio Fogu, eds, The Politics of Memory in Postwar Europe, Duke University Press: Durham and London, 2006; xi + 366 pp.; 9780822338178, $24.95 (hbk)

Bauer, M. — 2009-06-15

Review: Allan Mitchell, A Stranger in Paris: Germany's Role in Republican France, 1870--1940, Oxford: Berghahn Books, 2006; 104 pp.; 9781845451257, {pound}11.95 (pbk)

Michels, E. — 2009-06-15

Review: Serhii Plokhy, Ukraine & Russia: Representations of the Past, Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2008; 391 pp.; 9780802093271, {pound}48.00 (hbk)

Fedyashin, A. — 2009-06-15

Review: Anna Saunders, Honecker's Children: Youth and Patriotism in East(ern) Germany, 1979--2002, Manchester University Press: Manchester, 2007; 252 pp., 5 graphs; 9780719074110, {pound}50.00 (hbk)

Blessing, B. — 2009-06-15

Review: Christopher Schmidt-Nowara, The Conquest of History: Spanish Colonialism and National Histories in the 19th Century, University of Pittsburgh Press: Pittsburgh PA, 2006; 278 pp., 24 illus.; 9780822959908, $25.95 (hbk)

Radcliff, P. — 2009-06-15

Review: Helmut Walser Smith, The Continuities of German History. Nation, Religion, and Race across the Long Nineteenth Century, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 2008; vii + 246 pp.; 9780521895880, {pound}40.00 (hbk); 9780521720250, {pound}15.99 (pbk)

Muller, F. L. — 2009-06-15

Review: Robert and Isabelle Tombs, That Sweet Enemy: The French and the British from the Sun King to the Present, Heinemann: London, 2006; 816 pp., 100 b/w photographs; 9780434008674, {pound}25.00 (hbk); Pimlico: London, 2007; 9781845951085, {pound}14.99 (pbk)

Boyce, R. — 2009-06-15

Review: Marius Turda and Paul J. Weindling, eds, Blood and Homeland: Eugenics and Racial Nationalism in Central and Southeast Europe 1900--1914, Central European University Press: Budapest, New York, 2007; 476 pp., 10 illus.; 9789637326776, $54.95/E41.95/{pound}29.95 (hbk); 9789637326813, $25.95/E19.95/{pound}13.95 (pbk)

Curp, D. — 2009-06-15

Review: Kathryn Walchester, `Our Own Fair Italy': Nineteenth Century Women's Travel Writing and Italy 1800--1844, Peter Lang: Bern, 2007; 266 pp.; 9783039110285, {pound}33.00 (pbk)

Macdonald, S. — 2009-06-15

Early Francoism and Economic Paralysis in Catalonia, 1939--1951

Harrison, J. — 2009-03-17

The entry of General Franco's `liberating' Nationalist army into the city of Barcelona in January 1939 was the prelude to a wave of violent repression across the Principality of Catalonia. In addition to the New State's persecution of the language, culture and national personality of Catalonia, fascist zealots also clamoured for the dismantling of the region's factories and mills. Whilst it was often asserted that the Franco dictatorship systematically discriminated against Catalonia for its treachery in supporting the defeated Second Republic (1931—39), the aim of this article is to present new arguments in defence of the revisionist case that the resulting economic paralysis of Catalonia during the period 1939—51 was not so much the result of the bloody-mindedness of the victors in the Spanish Civil War as the New State's obsession with autarky and interventionism.

The Swedish Left's Memory of the International Brigades and the Creation of an Anti-Fascist Postwar Identity

Scott, C.-G. — 2009-03-17

The article looks at Sweden as an example of how popular memory of the International Brigades in Western Europe has been shaped more frequently by the Left's postwar political needs than by historical realities. Like elsewhere in Western Europe, the International Brigades' legacy in Sweden was principally informed by the Left's eagerness to embrace an anti-fascist identity after the Second World War. In the Swedish case, this has led to a sanitized historical account of the Swedish Brigadistas ' experiences in Spain that ultimately does the former volunteers' memory a considerable disservice.

Latvia's Democratic Resistance: a Forgotten Episode from the Second World War

Swain, G. — 2009-03-17

In summer 1943 politicians representing the four main political parties of Latvia's democratic years came together to establish a movement which would both resist the German occupation and prevent the return of the Red Army. They considered the key to re-establishing Latvia as an independent democratic state was to make contact with Britain, and they hoped to do this by a combination of military and diplomatic activity. Once contact with Sweden had been established this Latvian Central Council planned to combine a diplomatic offensive abroad with an insurrection within Latvia. The diplomatic offensive was partly obstructed by the Foreign Office, but that did not prevent the Latvian Central Council working closely with the British Secret Service as it first brought out of Latvia potential members of a Government in Exile, and then began to prepare for an insurrection. Planned to coincide with the arrival of the Red Army and the withdrawal of the Germans, the military wing of the Latvian Central Council intended to seize part of the Courland coast and hold it until British or Swedish forces intervened to prevent them being crushed by the Red Army, thus forcing the Soviets to negotiate about the future status of Latvia. The plans of the Latvian Central Council relied heavily on stories circulating in Sweden that the British were indeed about to intervene in the Baltic, and it is argued here that there was more to this than mere loose talk. The dilemma of whether or not to stage an insurrection was resolved by the Germans, who arrested General Kurelis, the leader of the insurrection and the man designated the interim leader of independent Latvia. The surviving forces of the Latvian Central Council established themselves as an underground army and waited for news from Britain that the time had come to rise. When no such message had come by summer 1945, many underground groups started moves towards a national uprising; to prevent this the Latvian Central Council used its surviving organization to instruct its underground fighters not to take up arms against the Soviets but to wait on diplomacy.

The Long and Winding Road of Nationalization: Eugen Weber's Peasants into Frenchmen in Modern European History (1976--2006)

Cabo, M., Molina, F. — 2009-03-17

Thirty years after its publication, Eugen Weber's Peasants into Frenchmen still occupies a central place in European historiography on identity construction and the nationalization of the masses. This article reviews a number of studies that have been critical of Weber's theoretical and methodological design, and contrasts his approach with research in various European countries. Finally, it underscores the importance of comparative analysis when examining nationalization processes, and suggests some future lines of research.

Still Preoccupied After All These Years: Recent Works on the Occupation of France in World War Two

Reid, D. — 2009-03-17

Refining the Concept of Generic Fascism

Umland, A. — 2009-03-17

Review: Jeremy Adelman, Sovereignty and Revolution in the Iberian Atlantic, Princeton University Press: Princeton, 2006; 422 pp., 5 illus., 1 table; 069112664X, $39.95 (hbk)

Dym, J. — 2009-03-17

Review: Jacqueline Andall and Derek Duncan, eds, Italian Colonialism: Legacy and Memory, Peter Lang: Bern and New York, 2005; 301 pp.; 3039103261, $59.95 (pbk)

Donati, S. — 2009-03-17

Review: Megan C. Armstong, The Politics of Piety: Franciscan Preachers During the Wars of Religion, 1560-1600, Rochester University Press: Rochester NY, 2004; 278 pp.; 9781580461757, {pound}40-00 (hbk)

Nelson, E. — 2009-03-17

Review: James J. Barnes and Patience P. Barnes, Nazis in Pre-War London, 1930-1939: The Fate and Role of German Party Members and British Sympathisers, Sussex Academic Press: Brighton and Portland, OR, 2005; 320 pp.; 9781845190538, {pound}55.00/$67.50 (hbk)

Gottlieb, J. V. — 2009-03-17

Review: Tom Buchanan, Europe's Troubled Peace: 1945-2000, Blackwell Publishing: Oxford, 2006; 356 pp.; 7 maps (b/w), 11 photographs (b/w); o63122162X, {pound}60 (hbk); 0631221638, {pound}6.99 (pbk)

Thomas, N. — 2009-03-17

Review: Philip M. Coupland, Britannia, Europa and Christendom: British Christians and European Integration, Palgrave Macmillan: Basingstoke and New York, 2006; ix + 284PP.; 9781403939128, {pound}62.00 (hbk)

Daddow, O. — 2009-03-17

Review: Martin L. Davies and Claus-Christian Szejnmann, eds, How the Holocaust Looks Now: International Perspectives, Palgrave Macmillan: Basingstoke and New York: 2007; xxxix + 282 pp., 12 illus.; 9780230001473, {pound}62.00 (hbk)

Niewyk, D. L. — 2009-03-17

Review: Dennis Deletant, Hitler's Forgotten Ally. Ion Antonescu and his Regime, Romania 1940-1944, Palgrave Macmillan: Basingstoke, 2006; x + 379 pp.; 9781403993410, {pound}.64.00 (hbk)

Leustean, L. N. — 2009-03-17

Review: Jonathan Dewald, Lost Worlds: The Emergence of French Social History, 1815-1970, Pennsylvania State University Press: University Park, PA, 2006; 241 pp.; 9780271028903, {pound}33.50 (hbk)

Reynolds, S. — 2009-03-17

Review: Benjamin Ehlers, Between Christians and Moriscos: Juan de Ribera and Religious Reform in Valencia, 1568-1614. Johns Hopkins University Press: Baltimore, MD, 2006; xv + 214 pp., 7 illus., 1 map; 9780801883224, $45.00 (hbk)

Coleman, D. — 2009-03-17

Review: R. J. W. Evans and Alexander Marr, eds, Curiosity and Wonder from the Renaissance to the Enlightenment, Ashgate: Aldershot, 2006; 282pp., 46 b&w illus.; 9780754641025, {pound}55.00 (hbk)

Marshall, P. — 2009-03-17

Review: Soledad Fox, Constancia de la Mora in War and Exile, Sussex Academic Press: Brighton and Portland, 2007; v + 219 pp., 24 illus.; 9781845191665, {pound}35.00 (hbk)

Bunk, B. D. — 2009-03-17

Review: Helena Goscilo and Andrea Lanoux, eds, Gender and National Identity in Twentieth-Century Russian Culture, Northern Illinois University Press: DeKalb, IL, 2006; 267 pp., 20 illus.; 9780875803548, $38.00 (hbk); 9780875806099, {pound}11.45/$22.50 (pbk)

Ilic, M. — 2009-03-17

Review: Paul A. Hanebrink, In Defense of Christian Hungary, Cornell University Press: Ithaca, NY, 2006; 255pp.; 9780801444852, {pound}22.95 (hbk)

Swain, N. — 2009-03-17

Review: David Allen Harvey, Beyond Enlightenment: Occultism and Politics in Modern France. Northern Illinois University: DeKalb, IL, 2005; 275 pp.; 9780875803449, $38.00 (hbk)

Sharp, L. — 2009-03-17

Review: Diana Holmes and Carrie Tarr, eds, A `Belle Epoque'? Women in French Society and Culture 1890-1914. Berghahn: New York and Oxford, 2006; xv + 344 pp., 33 illus.; 9781845450212, $90.00/{pound}50.00 (hbk); 9781845450946 $27.50/{pound}16.50 (pbk)

Foley, S. K. — 2009-03-17

Review: Jeff Horn, The Path Not Taken: French Industrialization in the Age of Revolution, 1750-1830, The MIT Press: Cambridge, MA and London, 2006; ix + 383pp., 3 illus.; 9780262083522, {pound}29.95 (hbk)

Heywood, C. — 2009-03-17

Review: Lynn Hunt, Inventing Human Rights, Norton: New York, 2007; 272 pp., 10 illus.; 9780393060959, $25.95 (hbk)

Irvine, W. D. — 2009-03-17

Review: Thomas Lane, Victims of Stalin and Hitler. The Exodus of Poles and the Balts to Britain, Palgrave Macmillan: Houndmills, 2004; 296 pp.; 9781403932204, {pound}56.00 (hbk)

Prazmowska, A.J. — 2009-03-17

Review: Michael G. Levine, The Belated Witness: Literature, Testimony, and the Question of Holocaust Survival, Stanford University Press: Stanford, CA, 2006; 236pp., 29 illus. ; 9780804730808, $58.00 (hbk); 9780804755559, $22.95 (pbk)

Niven, B. — 2009-03-17

Review: Allison Levy, Re-membering Masculinity in Early Modern Florence: Widowed Bodies, Mourning, and Portraiture, Ashgate: Aldershot, 2006; xx + 194 pp., 132 illus.; 9780754654049, {pound}60.00 (hbk)

Terpstra, N. — 2009-03-17

Review: Geoffrey Lewis, Carson: The Man Who Divided Ireland, Hambledon & London: London, 2005; 288 pp., 12 illus.; 1852854545, {pound}19.99 (pbk)

Smith, J. — 2009-03-17

Review: Michael R. Lynn, Popular Science and Public Opinion in Eighteenth-Century France. Manchester University Press: Manchester and New York, 2006; 177 pp.; 9780719073731, {pound}50.00 (hbk)

Jones, P. M. — 2009-03-17

Review: Peter Marshall and Alexandra Walsham, eds, Angels in the Early Modern World, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 2006; 326pp., 25 illus.; 9780521843324, {pound}62.00 (hbk)

Waite, G. K. — 2009-03-17

Review: Firouzeh Mostashari, On the Religious Frontier: Tsarist Russia and Islam in the Caucasus, I, B. Tauris: London, 2006; xiv + 203 pp.; 9781850437710, {pound}45.00

Khalid, A. — 2009-03-17

Review: Stephen M. Norris, A War of Images: Russian Popular Prints, Wartime Culture, and National Identity 1812-1945, Northern Illinois University Press: DeKalb, IL, 2006; 291pp., 31 illus.; 9780875803630, $40.00 (hbk)

Jenks, A. — 2009-03-17

Review: Devin O. Pendas, The Auschwitz Trial, 1963-1965: Genocide, History, and the Limits of Law, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 2006; 360 pp.; 9780521844062, {pound}45.00 (hbk)

Weinke, A. — 2009-03-17

Review: James Pettifer and Miranda Vickers, The Albanian Question: Reshaping the Balkans, 1. B. Tauris: London, 2007, xxiii + 312 pp., 12 illus., 3 maps; 9781860649745, {pound}24.50 (hbk)

Trix, F. — 2009-03-17

Review: Serhii Plokhy, The Origins of the Slavic Nations. Premodern Identities in Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus, Cambridge University Press: New York, 2006; xix + 379 pp., 6 maps; 9780521864039, {pound}56.00 (hbk)

Perrie, M. — 2009-03-17

Review: Sabrina P. Ramet and Vjeran Pavlakovic, eds, Serbia since 1989. Politics and Society under Milosevic and After, University of Washington Press: Seattle and London, 2005; x + 440PP.; 9780295986500, $30.00 (pbk)

Bieber, F. — 2009-03-17

Review: Roger Reese, ed., The Russian Imperial Army, 1796-1917, Ashgate: Aldershot, 2006; 458 pp.; 9780754625650, {pound}115.00 (hbk)

Sanborn, J. A. — 2009-03-17

Review: Diana Robin, Publishing Women. Salons, The Presses, and the Counter-Reformation in Sixteenth-Century Italy, University of Chicago Press: Chicago, IL, 2007; 416pp., 11 illus.; 9780226721569, $45.00 (hbk)

Levarie Smarr, J. — 2009-03-17

Review: Nils H. Roemer, Jewish Scholarship and Culture in Nineteenth-Century Germany: Between History and Faith, University of Wisconsin Press: Madison, WI, 2005; 251pp., 2 b/w photos, 1 illus.; 0299211703, $60.00 (hbk)

Berkowitz, M. — 2009-03-17

Review: Jerrold Seigel, The Idea of the Self: Thought and Experience in Western Europe since the Seventeenth Century, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 2005; viii + 713PP.; 9780521605540, $27.00/{pound}23.99 (pbk)

Coleman, C. — 2009-03-17

Review: John Shovlin, The Political Economy of Virtue. Luxury, Patriotism, and the Origins of the French Revolution, Cornell University Press: Ithaca, NY and London,2006:265 pp., 11 illus.; 9780801474187, $24.95 (pbk)

Garrioch, D. — 2009-03-17

Review: Jay M. Smith, ed., The French Nobility in the Eighteenth-Century: Reassessments and New Approaches, Pennsylvania State University Press: University Park, PA, 2006; 346 pp.; 0780271028080, $65.00 (hbk)

Miller, S. — 2009-03-17

Review: William H. C. Smith, The Bonapartes, Hambledon & London: London, 2005; x + 252pp., 10 illus.; 1852854626, {pound}19.99 (pbk)

Price, R. — 2009-03-17

Review: Jonathan Sperber, Property and Civil Society in South-Western Germany, 1820-1914, Oxford University Press: New York and Oxford, 2005; 287 pp., map; 9780199284757, {pound}70.00 (hbk)

Healy, R. — 2009-03-17

Review: Jill Stephenson, Hitler's Home Front: Wurttemberg Under the Nazis, Hambledon Continuum:London, 2005; xvi + 512 pp. 2 maps, 8 illus.; 1852854421, {pound}25.00

Panayi, P. — 2009-03-17

Review: Frank Trentmann and Flemming Just, eds, Food and Convict in Europe in the Age of the Two World Wars, Palgrave Macmillan: Basingstoke, 2006; 296 pp., 11 illus.; 9781403986849, {pound}49.99 (hbk) Thomas M. Wilson, ed., Food, Drink and Identity in Europe, Vol. 22 of European Studies, Rodopi: Amsterdam, 2006,236 pp., 5 illus.; 9789042020863, 50.00 (hbk); 9789042020870, 23.00 (pbk)

Scholliers, P. — 2009-03-17

Review: Gerhard L. Weinberg, Visions of Victory: The Hopes of Eight World War II Leaders, Cambridge University Press: New York, 2005; xxiv + 292 pp., 8 illus., 7 maps; 9780521852548, {pound}.20.00 (hbk); 9780521708753, {pound}14.99 (pbk) Victor Rothwell, War Aims in the Second World War: The War Aims of the Major Belligerents, 1939-45, Edinburgh University Press: Edinburgh, 2005; 244 pp., 4 maps; 9780748615025, {pound}54.00 (hbk); 9780748615032, {pound}18.99 (pbk)

Mackenzie, S.P. — 2009-03-17

Review: Robert S. Wistrich, Laboratory for World Destruction. Germans and Jews in Central Europe, Vidal Sassoon International Center for the Study of Antisemitism, University of Nebraska Press: Lincoln, NE, 2007; 410pp.; 0803211341, $55.00 (hbk)

Vyleta, D. M. — 2009-03-17

Review: Benjamin Ziemann, trans. Alex Skinner, War Experiences in Rural Germany 1914-1923, Berg: New York, 2007; xiii + 302 pp.; 9781845202446, {pound}55.00 (hbk); 9781845202453, {pound}19.99 (pbk)

Donson, A. — 2009-03-17

Erratum

2009-03-17

Erratum

2009-03-17

Singling Out Victims: Denunciation and Collusion in the Post-Civil War Francoist Repression in Spain, 1939--1945

Anderson, P. — 2008-12-11

The article explores the role of denunciation and collusion in driving the post Civil War judicial repression in Spain between 1939 and 1945. It argues that in recent years historians have done much valuable work to unearth the long hidden Francoist repression, but that much remains to be learnt about the complicity that lay behind the mass killing and incarceration. Accordingly, to help further our understanding of collaboration in the repression, the article offers a case study of the launching of prosecutions in military tribunals. It shows that regime officials and their supporters in the community often conspired to herd their mutual political enemies through farcical summary prosecutions. It also demonstrates that in a significant number of cases the authorities followed the lead of their civilian collaborators who singled out potential victims for them. Thus it concludes that the Franco regime did not simply impose itself on society but that its supporters at the grassroots played an important role in consolidating it from below.

'They died for Germany': Jewish Soldiers, the German Army and Conservative Debates about the Nazi Past in the 1960s

Grady, T. — 2008-12-11

There has been an increasing recognition in recent historical writing that the late 1950s and early 1960s marked a significant shift in West German society's relationship to the Nazi past. Yet the older more conservative generation that dominated West Germany's politics of confronting the past in the immediate post-war years are largely absent from these narratives. Focusing on the actions of the Federal Republic's staunchly conservative Defence Minister, Franz Josef Strauß, this article argues that even the conservative establishment played a significant role in West Germany's evolving memory culture. In the early 1960s, Strauß promoted the republication of a book of German-Jewish soldiers' war letters from the First World War. The collection enabled him to portray a different side of West Germany at a time when attention had focused back onto the crimes of the Nazi era. Despite this opportunism, the article contends that Strauß's support for the new book encouraged other conservative institutions to engage more fully with the recent past.

Occultism, Race and Politics in German-speaking Europe, 1880--1940: A Survey of the Historical Literature

Staudenmaier, P. — 2008-12-11

In recognition of a recent renewal of scholarly interest in nineteenth- and twentieth-century German occultism, this review essay surveys the variety of existing historical treatments of the topic and points to possible directions for further research. Sources examined range from the 1960s to the present, in German and English, with attention to broader European parallels. Among other debates, a central focus is the nature and extent of the historical relationship between occultism and the völkisch milieu as well as National Socialism. In addition to a detailed overview of the available literature, the essay appraises the strengths and weaknesses of current scholarship on the modern German occult revival and argues for several specific interpretive possibilities regarding contentious issues of racial theory and the political affiliations of occult and esoteric thought.

Leopoldo Franchetti and Italian Settlement in Eritrea: Emigration, Welfare Colonialism and the Southern Question

Bruner, S. C. — 2008-12-11

Emigration, Colonialism and the Southern Question come together in the history of Leopoldo Franchetti's 1891 plan to provide land for Italian peasants in Eritrea. His plan was a political masterstroke in theory, yet despite burgeoning Italian emigration to other parts of the world and rural restlessness at home, virtually no peasants sought land in Eritrea and the plan failed within five years. Two enduring currents contributed the most to this outcome: the deeply-rooted perception of the Italian South as `African', with its consequences for peasant—state relations; and competition from emigrant destinations which already possessed social networks to encourage new arrivals. Both the plan's design and its failure illustrate how these currents spurred and shaped, but also ultimately frustrated, Italy's early colonial ambitions.

Making and Ending the French Revolution: Nobility, Bourgeoisie and `the People'

Plack, N. — 2008-12-11

Albania -- Then and Now

Ramet, S. P. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Edward Acton and Tom Stableford, eds, The Soviet Union: A Documentary History. Volume 1: 1917--1940, University of Exeter Press: Exeter, 2005; 400 pp., 6 maps; 085989715X, {pound}47.50 (hbk), 0859895815, {pound}16.99 (pbk)

Viola, L. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Ann Taylor Allen, Feminism and Motherhood in Western Europe, 1890--1970, Palgrave Macmillan: Basingstoke, Hampshire, 2005; 354 pp.; 1403962367, {pound}40 (hbk)

Walker, P. J. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Paul Arblaster, A History of the Low Countries, Palgrave Macmillan: Houndmills, NY, 2006; xiv + 298 pp., 4 maps; 1403938113, {pound}45 (hbk), 1403938121, {pound}14.99 (pbk)

Koll, J. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Roger Bartlett, A History of Russia, Palgrave Macmillan: Hampshire, England, 2005; 336 pp., 16 illus; 033363263X, {pound}50 (hbk), 0333632648, {pound}16.99 (pbk)

Pereira, N.G.O. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Volker R. Berghahn, Europe in the Era of Two World Wars. From Militarism and Genocide to Civil Society 1900--1950, Princeton University Press: Princeton and Oxford 2006, 163 pp., 6 ill., 069112003X, {pound}15.95

Sorensen, N. A. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Douglas Biow, The Culture of Cleanliness in Renaissance Italy, Cornell University Press: Ithaca, 2006; 244 pp., 44 b&w illus.; 9780801444811, {pound}19.95/$35 (hbk)

Wilson, B. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: David Blackbourn, The Conquest of Nature: Water, Landscape and the Making of Modern Germany, Pimlico: London, 2006; 512 pp., 65 illus.; 0224060716, {pound}30 (hbk)

Chaney, S. L. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Marius Broekmeyer, Stalin, the Russians and their War, 1941--1945. Rosalind Buck trans., University of Wisconsin Press: Madison, 2004; 320 pp.; 0299195902, $60 (hbk); 0299195945, $22.95 (pbk)

Slepyan, K. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Richard Caplan, Europe and the Recognition of New States in Yugoslavia, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 2005; 240 pp., 2 maps; 9780521821766, {pound}48 (hbk)

Trbovich, A. S. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Stuart Carroll, Blood and Violence in Early Modern France, Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2006; 369 pp., 14 illus., 1 map, 2 tables; 0199290458, {pound}60 (hbk)

Hopper, A. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Helen Harden Chenut, The Fabric of Gender: Working-Class Culture in Third Republic France, Pennsylvania State Press: University Park, PA, 2005; 436 pp., 18 illus.; 0271025204, $60 (hbk)

Eichner, C. J. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: H.G. Cocks and Matt Houlbrook, eds, Palgrave Advances in the Modern History of Sexuality, Palgrave Macmillan, 2005; 394 pp.; 1403912904, {pound}19.99 (pbk)

Crawford, K. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Milton Cohen, Movement, Manifesto, Melee: The Modernist Group 1910--1914, Lexington Books: Lanham, MD, 2004; 384 pp., 31 illus.; 0739106147; $88 (hbk), 0739109057, $29.95 (pbk)

Livezeanu, I. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Peter F. Dembowski, Christians in the Warsaw Ghetto: An Epitaph for the Unremembered, University of Notre Dame Press: Notre Dame, IN, 2005; 176 pp.; 9780268025724, {pound}40 (hbk); 9780268025733, {pound}18 (pbk)

Savage, M. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Robert A. Doughty, Pyrrhic Victory: French Strategy and Operations in the Great War, Belknap Press: Cambridge, MA, 2005; 592 pp., 15 maps; 067401880X, $39.95/{pound}25.95 (hbk)

Bruce, R. B. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Chris Ealham, Class, Culture and Conflict in Barcelona 1898--1937, Routledge: Oxford and New York, 2004; 288 pp., 27 illus.; 9780415299619, $190 (hbk)

Getman-Eraso, J. W. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Sheila Fitzpatrick, Tear Off the Masks! Identity and Imposture in Twentieth-Century Russia, Princeton University Press: Princeton, 2005; 0691122458, $26.95/ {pound}15.95 (pbk)

Jones, P. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Benjamin Frommer, National Cleansing: Retribution against Nazi Collaborators in Postwar Czechoslovakia, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 2005; 358 pp.; 0521810671, {pound}53 (hbk), 0521008964, {pound}16.99 (pbk)

Wingfield, N. M. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Arthur Grenke, God, Greed, and Genocide: The Holocaust through the Centuries, New Academia Publishing, LCC: Washington, DC, 2005; 312 pp.; 097670420X, $24 (pbk)

Spector, R. M. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Roger Griffin, Werner Loh, and Andreas Umland, eds, Fascism Past and Present, West and East: An International Debate on Concepts and Cases in the Comparative Study of the Extreme Right. Ibidem-Verlag: Stuttgart, 2006; 510 pp.; 3898216748, E34.90 (pbk)

Sedgwick, M. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Jan T. Gross, Fear. Anti-Semitism in Poland After Auschwitz. An Essay in Historical Interpretation, Princeton University Press: Princeton and Oxford, 2006; 303 pp.; 0375509240, $25.95 (hbk)

Weeks, T. R. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Robin Haines, Charles Edward Trevelyan and the Great Irish Famine, Four Courts Press: Dublin, 2004; 640 pp.; 1851827552, E76.50 (hbk)

Maume, P. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Marcus Hellyer, Catholic Physics: Jesuit Natural Philosophy in Early Modern Germany, University of Notre Dame Press: Notre Dame, IN, 2006; 352 pp., 11 illus.; 0268030715, $50 (hbk)

Soergel, P. M. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Jennifer Ngaire Heuer, The Family and the Nation: Gender and Citizenship in Revolutionary France, 1789--1830, Cornell University Press: Ithaca, NY, 2005; 256 pp.; 0801442869, {pound}18.95/$34.95 (hbk)

Talamante, L. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Brian Jenkins, ed., France in the Era of Fascism: Essays on the French Authoritarian Right, Berghahn Books: New York and Oxford, 2005; 232 pp.; 1571815376, $70/{pound}42 (hbk), 1845452976, $25/{pound}15 (pbk)

Kennedy, S. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Andrew L. Jenks, Russia in a Box: Art and Identity in an Age of Revolution, Northern Illinois University Press: DeKalb, IL, 2005; 274 pp., 27 illus.; 97808758033935, $38 (hbk)

Lovell, S. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Izabela Kalinowska, Between East and West: Polish and Russian Nineteenth-Century Travel to the Orient, University of Rochester Press: Rochester, NY, 2004; 200 pp., 10 illus.; 1580461727, $75/{pound}40 (hbk)

Bracewell, W. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Peter Kenez, Hungary from the Nazis to the Soviets. The Establishment of the Communist Regime in Hungary, 1944--1948, Cambridge University Press: New York, 2006; 322 pp.; 052185766X, {pound}48 (hbk)

Hanebrink, P. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Hiroaki Kuromiya, Stalin, Pearson Longman: Harlow, 2005; 248 pp.; 0582784794, {pound}16.99 (pbk) Kevin McDermott, Stalin, Palgrave Macmillan, 2006; 240 pp.; 0333711211, {pound}55 (hbk); 033371122X, {pound}19.99 (pbk)

Thatcher, I. D. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: John R. Lampe, Balkans into Southeastern Europe, Palgrave Macmillan: Basingstoke, New York, 2006; 352 pp., 7 maps, 11 tables; 9780333793466, {pound}52.50 (hbk), 9780333793473, {pound}17.99 (pbk)

Detrez, R. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Cesare Lombroso, Criminal Man, translated and with a new introduction by Mary Gibson and Nicole Hahn Rafter, Duke University Press: Durham, NC and London, 2006; xviii + 424 pp., 28 tables, 47 illus.; 0822337231, $24.95/{pound}15.95 (pbk)

Vyleta, D. M. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Virginia W. Lunsford, Piracy and Privateering in the Golden Age Netherlands, Palgrave Macmillan: New York, 2005; 376 pp., 15 illus.; 1403966923, {pound}40 (hbk)

Prak, M. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Lauro Martines, Scourge and Fire: Savonarola and Renaissance Italy, Jonathan Cape: London, 2006; xvi + 320 pp., 14 illus., 1 map; 0224072528, {pound}20 (hbk)

Black, R. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Johannes von Moltke, No Place Like Home: Locations of Heimat in German Cinema, University of California Press: Berkeley, 2005; 318 pp.; 9780520244108, $70/{pound}40.95 (hbk), 9780520244115, $31.95/{pound}18.95 (pbk)

Fisher, J. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Peter Neville, Hitler and Appeasement: The British Attempt to Prevent the Second World War, Hambledon Continuum: London, 2006; 240 pp., 8 illus.; 1852853697, {pound}30 (hbk), 1852855274, {pound}14.99 (pbk)

Purdue, A.W. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Katherine O'Donnell and Michael O'Rourke, eds, Queer Masculinities. Siting Same-Sex Desire in the Early Modern World, Palgrave Macmillan: Basingstoke and New York, 2005; 288 pp.; 9781403920447, {pound}53 (hbk)

Hekma, G. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Clarissa Campbell Orr, ed., Queenship in Europe 1660--1815: The Role of the Consort, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 2004; 438 pp.; 9780521814225, {pound}69 (hbk)

Duindam, J. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Borden W. Painter, Jr., Mussolini's Rome, Rebuilding the Eternal City, Palgrave Macmillan: New York, 2005; 224 pp., 49 illus., 2 maps; 1403966044, {pound}20.99 (hbk), 1403980020, {pound}14.99 (pbk)

Dyson, S. L. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Jennifer Pitts, A Turn to Empire: The Rise of Imperial Liberalism in Britain and France, Princeton University Press: Princeton, 2006; 400 pp.; 978069112710, $24.95/{pound}14.95 (pbk)

Howe, A. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: John F. Pollard, Money and the Rise of the Modern Papacy: Financing the Vatican, 1850--1950, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 2005; xx + 265 pp.; 9780521812047, {pound}59 (hbk)

Kelikian, A. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Susanna Rabow-Edling, Slavophile Thought and the Politics of Cultural Nationalism, State University of New York Press: New York, 2006; viii + 183 pp.; 0791466930, $55 (hbk)

Coates, R. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Helen Rawlings, The Spanish Inquisition, Blackwell Publishing: Malden, MA, Oxford and Carlton, 2006; 192 pp., 7 illus.; 063120599, {pound}55/E74.30 (hbk), 0631206000, {pound}17.99/E24.30 (pbk)

Hossain, K. L. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Rebecca Rogers, From the Salon to the Schoolroom: Educating Bourgeois Girls in Nineteenth-Century France, Pennsylvania State University Press: University Park, PA, 2005; xv + 335 pp.; 0271026804, $65 (hbk)

Davidson, D. Z. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Hagen Schulz-Forberg, ed., Unravelling Civilisation: European Travel and Travel Writing, Multiple Europes, Vol. 30, Peter Lang, 2005; 343 pp., 1 illus.; 9789052012353, E45.90/{pound}34.40/$71.95 (pbk)

Drace-Francis, A. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Peter Siani-Davies, The Romanian Revolution of December 1989, Cornell University Press: Ithaca and London, 2005; 328 pp.; 0801442451, $45/{pound}25.50 (hbk)

Cinpoes, R. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Mark A. Stoler, Allies in War: Britain and America against the Axis Powers 1940--1945, Hodder Arnold: London, 2005; 318 pp.; 0340720263, {pound}25/$45 (hbk)

Rothwell, V. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Symposium of the Commission of the Historians of Latvia, The Hidden and Forbidden History of Latvia under Soviet and Nazi Occupations, 1940--1991: Selected Research of the Commission of the Historians of Latvia, Vol. 14, Institute of the History of Latvia Publications: Riga, 2005; 383 pp.; 9984601927 (hbk)

Lumans, V. O. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Ian Thatcher, ed., Late Imperial Russia: Problems and Prospects. Essays in Honour of R.B. McKean, Manchester University Press: Manchester and New York, 2005; 208 pp.; 0719067863, {pound}50 (hbk), 0719067871, {pound}14.99 (pbk)

Rendle, M. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: David Turnock, The Economy of East Central Europe, 1815--1989. Stages of Transformation in a Peripheral Region, Routledge: London and New York, 2006; 584 pp., 48 figs., 10 tables; 9780415180535, {pound}105 (hbk)

Berend, I. T. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Itzchak Weismann and Fruma Zachs, eds, Ottoman Reform and Muslim Regeneration: Studies in Honour of Butrus Abu-Manneh, I.B. Tauris: London and New York, 2005; 288 pp.; 9781850437574, {pound}57.50 (hbk)

Sakul, K. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Jay Winter and Antoine Prost, The Great War in History: Debates and Controversies, 1914 to the Present, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 2005; 250 pp.; 0521850835, {pound}45 (hbk), 0521616336, {pound}17.99 (pbk)

Proctor, T. — 2008-12-11

Book Review: Anthony D. Wright, The Counter-Reformation: Catholic Europe and the Non-Christian World, Ashgate: Aldershot and Burlington, VT, 2005; 304 pp.; 0754650278, {pound}55 (hbk)

Cervantes, F. — 2008-12-11